Trazador y Ping en C#

Dado que tuve que escribir una clase TraceRoute hoy, pensé que también podría compartir el código fuente.

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;

namespace Answer
{  
  public class TraceRoute
  {
    private const string Data = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa";

    public static IEnumerable<IPAddress> GetTraceRoute(string hostNameOrAddress)
    {
      return GetTraceRoute(hostNameOrAddress, 1);
    }
    private static IEnumerable<IPAddress> GetTraceRoute(string hostNameOrAddress, int ttl)
    {
      Ping pinger = new Ping();
      PingOptions pingerOptions = new PingOptions(ttl, true);
      int timeout = 10000;
      byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Data);
      PingReply reply = default(PingReply);

      reply = pinger.Send(hostNameOrAddress, timeout, buffer, pingerOptions);

      List<IPAddress> result = new List<IPAddress>();
      if (reply.Status == IPStatus.Success)
      {
        result.Add(reply.Address);
      }
      else if (reply.Status == IPStatus.TtlExpired || reply.Status == IPStatus.TimedOut)
      {
        //add the currently returned address if an address was found with this TTL
        if (reply.Status == IPStatus.TtlExpired) result.Add(reply.Address);
        //recurse to get the next address...
        IEnumerable<IPAddress> tempResult = default(IEnumerable<IPAddress>);
        tempResult = GetTraceRoute(hostNameOrAddress, ttl + 1);
        result.AddRange(tempResult);
      }
      else
      {
        //failure 
      }

      return result;
    }
  }
}

Y una versión VB para cualquiera que lo quiera/necesite

Public Class TraceRoute
    Private Const Data As String = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"

    Public Shared Function GetTraceRoute(ByVal hostNameOrAddress As String) As IEnumerable(Of IPAddress)
        Return GetTraceRoute(hostNameOrAddress, 1)
    End Function
    Private Shared Function GetTraceRoute(ByVal hostNameOrAddress As String, ByVal ttl As Integer) As IEnumerable(Of IPAddress)
        Dim pinger As Ping = New Ping
        Dim pingerOptions As PingOptions = New PingOptions(ttl, True)
        Dim timeout As Integer = 10000
        Dim buffer() As Byte = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Data)
        Dim reply As PingReply

        reply = pinger.Send(hostNameOrAddress, timeout, buffer, pingerOptions)

        Dim result As List(Of IPAddress) = New List(Of IPAddress)
        If reply.Status = IPStatus.Success Then
            result.Add(reply.Address)
        ElseIf reply.Status = IPStatus.TtlExpired Then
            'add the currently returned address
            result.Add(reply.Address)
            'recurse to get the next address...
            Dim tempResult As IEnumerable(Of IPAddress)
            tempResult = GetTraceRoute(hostNameOrAddress, ttl + 1)
            result.AddRange(tempResult)
        Else
            'failure 
        End If

        Return result
    End Function
End Class

Para la parte ping, eche un vistazo a la clase Ping en MSDN.

Lo que sigue es una implementación en C# significativamente mejor de tracert que existe en otras respuestas hasta ahora.

public static IEnumerable<IPAddress> GetTraceRoute(string hostname)
{
    // following are the defaults for the "traceroute" command in unix.
    const int timeout = 10000;
    const int maxTTL = 30;
    const int bufferSize = 32;

    byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
    new Random().NextBytes(buffer);
    Ping pinger = new Ping();

    for (int ttl = 1; ttl <= maxTTL; ttl++)
    {
        PingOptions options = new PingOptions(ttl, true);
        PingReply reply = pinger.Send(hostname, timeout, buffer, options);

        if (reply.Status == IPStatus.TtlExpired)
        {
            // TtlExpired means we've found an address, but there are more addresses
            yield return reply.Address;
            continue;
        }
        if (reply.Status == IPStatus.TimedOut)
        {
            // TimedOut means this ttl is no good, we should continue searching
            continue;
        }
        if (reply.Status == IPStatus.Success)
        {
            // Success means the tracert has completed
            yield return reply.Address;
        }

        // if we ever reach here, we're finished, so break
        break;
    }
}

Las trampas fijadas aquí que están presentes en otras respuestas incluyen:

• Es perezoso. Ej: utiliza correctamente enumerable / un iterador, así que no tiene que calcular todo el árbol, puede detenerse en cualquier punto al salir de su propio bucle de consumo.
• maxTTL implementado para que la función no gire para siempre.
• bufferSize opción que es consistente con otras implementaciones de tracert.
• Es súper conciso y limpio. Está contenido en un solo método y es considerablemente más corto que otras opciones aquí.

Como mejora de la respuesta de código de Scotts anterior, descubrí que su solución no funciona si la ruta se reduce a nada antes de llegar al destino, nunca regresa. Una mejor solución con al menos una ruta parcial podría ser esta (que he probado y funciona bien). Puede cambiar el' 20 ' en el bucle for a algo más grande o más pequeño o tratar de detectar si está tomando demasiado tiempo si desea controlar el número de iteraciones de alguna otra manera. Crédito completo a Scott por el original código - gracias.

    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Net;

    ...

    public static void TraceRoute(string hostNameOrAddress)
    {
        for (int i = 1; i < 20; i++)
        {
            IPAddress ip = GetTraceRoute(hostNameOrAddress, i);
            if(ip == null)
            {
                break;
            }
            Console.WriteLine(ip.ToString());
        }
    }

    private static IPAddress GetTraceRoute(string hostNameOrAddress, int ttl)
    {
        const string Data = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa";
        Ping pinger = new Ping();
        PingOptions pingerOptions = new PingOptions(ttl, true);
        int timeout = 10000;
        byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Data);
        PingReply reply = default(PingReply);

        reply = pinger.Send(hostNameOrAddress, timeout, buffer, pingerOptions);

        List<IPAddress> result = new List<IPAddress>();
        if (reply.Status == IPStatus.Success || reply.Status == IPStatus.TtlExpired)
        {
            return reply.Address;
        }
        else
        {
            return null;
        }
    }

Ping: Podemos utilizar el Ping clase integrada en. NET Framework.

Instanciar a Ping y suscribirse a la PingCompleted evento:

Ping pingSender = new Ping();
pingSender.PingCompleted += PingCompletedCallback;

Agregue código para configurar y actuar el ping, por ejemplo:

string data = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa";
byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
string who = "www.google.com";
AutoResetEvent waiter = new AutoResetEvent(false);
int timeout = 12000;

PingOptions options = new PingOptions(64, true);

pingSender.SendAsync(who, timeout, buffer, options, waiter);

Añadir un PingCompletedEventHandler:

public static void PingCompletedCallback(object sender, PingCompletedEventArgs e)
{
    ... Do stuff here
}

Volcado de código de un ejemplo de trabajo completo, basado en el ejemplo de MSDN :

public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    string who = "www.google.com";
    AutoResetEvent waiter = new AutoResetEvent(false);

    Ping pingSender = new Ping();

    // When the PingCompleted event is raised,
    // the PingCompletedCallback method is called.
    pingSender.PingCompleted += PingCompletedCallback;

    // Create a buffer of 32 bytes of data to be transmitted.
    string data = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa";
    byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);

    // Wait 12 seconds for a reply.
    int timeout = 12000;

    // Set options for transmission:
    // The data can go through 64 gateways or routers
    // before it is destroyed, and the data packet
    // cannot be fragmented.
    PingOptions options = new PingOptions(64, true);

    Console.WriteLine("Time to live: {0}", options.Ttl);
    Console.WriteLine("Don't fragment: {0}", options.DontFragment);

    // Send the ping asynchronously.
    // Use the waiter as the user token.
    // When the callback completes, it can wake up this thread.
    pingSender.SendAsync(who, timeout, buffer, options, waiter);

    // Prevent this example application from ending.
    // A real application should do something useful
    // when possible.
    waiter.WaitOne();
    Console.WriteLine("Ping example completed.");
}

public static void PingCompletedCallback(object sender, PingCompletedEventArgs e)
{
    // If the operation was canceled, display a message to the user.
    if (e.Cancelled)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Ping canceled.");

        // Let the main thread resume. 
        // UserToken is the AutoResetEvent object that the main thread 
        // is waiting for.
        ((AutoResetEvent)e.UserState).Set();
    }

    // If an error occurred, display the exception to the user.
    if (e.Error != null)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Ping failed:");
        Console.WriteLine(e.Error.ToString());

        // Let the main thread resume. 
        ((AutoResetEvent)e.UserState).Set();
    }

    Console.WriteLine($"Roundtrip Time: {e.Reply.RoundtripTime}");

    // Let the main thread resume.
    ((AutoResetEvent)e.UserState).Set();
}